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BRL Abstracts Database |
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Your search for ultrasound produced 3296 results. Page 87 out of 330
| Title |
Diagnostic ultrasound should be performed without upper intensity limits. |
| Author |
O'Brien WD Jr., Miller D, Hendee WR. |
| Journal |
Med Phys |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
2001 |
| Abstract |
As with most diagnostic technologies, ultrasound imaging reflects a trade-off between image resolution and energy absorption in tissue. With diagnostic ultrasound, current upper limits on beam intensity have not been correlated with demonstrated harmful effects. Microcavitation has been observed at intensities near these limits, but its biological significance is unknown. This Point/Counterpoint explores whether upper intensity limits should be removed to permit improvements in the quality of ultrasound images. Arguing for the Proposition is William D. O'Brien Jr., Ph.D. Dr. O'Brien is Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering and of Bioengineering, College of Engineering; Professor of Bioengineering, College of Medicine; and Director of the Bioacoustics Research Laboratory at the University of Illinois. Previously, he worked at the Bureau of Radiological Health (currently the Center for Devices and Radiological Health) of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. He is a fellow of four professional societies; has served as president of the IEEE Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control Society and the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine; and is Editor-in-Chief of the IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control. His research interests involve the many areas of ultrasound-tissue interaction, including spectroscopy, risk assessment, biological effects, tissue characterization, dosimetry, and imaging for which he has published 215 papers. Arguing against the Proposition is Douglas Miller, Ph.D. Dr. Miller is a Senior Research Scientist at the University of Michigan Department of Radiology. He received a Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Vermont in 1976, and worked at Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory on bioelectromagnetics and ultrasonic biophysics research before moving to Michigan. Dr. Miller has served on ultrasound safety review groups of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, World Federation of Ultrasound in Medicine and the National Council on Radiation Protection. Present NIH projects include research on the bioeffects associated with contrast aided diagnostic ultrasound and on ultrasound enhanced cancer gene therapy. |
| Title |
Diagnostic ultrasound time-lapse and transmission electron microscopic studies of cells insonated in vitro. |
| Author |
Liebeskind D, Padawer J, Wolley R, Bases R. |
| Journal |
Radiology |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
1982 |
| Abstract |
A fibroblast cell line (3T3) and normal rat peritoneal fluid cells were exposed in vitro to pulsed ultrasound from a diagnostic instrument (Smith-Kline "Ekoline 20"). We report here on ultrastructural changes in both cell types and on altered motility patterns in 3T3 fibroblasts. Abnormal motility was detectable 10 generations after exposure. X-irradiation and ultraviolet light elicited similar effects on cell motion. It is suggested that the cellular effects of diagnostic levels of ultrasound be further examined both in vitro and in vivo. |
| Title |
Diagnostic ultrasound-induced membrane damage in phagocytic cells loaded with contrast agent and its relation to doppler-mode images. |
| Author |
Miller, DL, Quddus J. |
| Journal |
IEEE Trans UFFC |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
2002 |
| Abstract |
Cell membrane damage induced by diagnostic ultrasound exposure with contrast agent was examined and related to the display of stimulated acoustical emission in Doppler images. Monolayers of mouse macrophage-like cells were cultured on the inside of one window of an exposure chamber. The monolayers were incubated with 5% Optison/sup /spl reg// (Mallinckrodt, Inc., St. Louis, MO) for 15 minutes then rinsed to remove unattached gas bodies. A Spectra Plus scanner (Diasonics GE Medical Systems, Inc., Cincinnati, OH) in B-scan or Doppler-imaging modes exposed the chamber 3.5 cm away in a 37/spl deg/C water bath. The cells were scored either for uptake of fluorescent Dextran (sonoporation), or for trypan blue dye exclusion (cell death). No significant effect was seen for exposure in any mode without a contrast agent. Significant effects with contrast agent included 5.8% (2.3% standard deviation, SD) fluorescent cells and 33.4% (7.7% SD) trypan blue-stained cells in Doppler-imaging modes, compared to 0.0% and 2.2% (1.7% SD), respectively, in sham exposures. Frames of the power Doppler image were analyzed for pixel brightness to quantify the brief flash in the Doppler window. Although both membrane damage and the flash brightness increased with increasing pressure amplitude, there did not appear to be a direct correlation between the two phenomena. |
| Title |
Diagnostic ultrasound-Part 1:Ultrasonic principles, transducers, and instrumentation. |
| Author |
Posakony GJ, |
| Journal |
Rep Autom Ind |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
1966 |
| Abstract |
No abstract available. |
| Title |
Diagnostic ultrasound. |
| Author |
Reid JM. |
| Journal |
J Clin Ultrasound |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
1978 |
| Abstract |
Letter to the editor. |
| Title |
Diagnostic ultrasound. |
| Author |
Bamber JC, Tristam M. |
| Journal |
BookChap |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
Unknown |
| Abstract |
No abstract available. |
| Title |
Diagnostic ultrasound: Applications of ultrasound to studies of the eye. |
| Author |
Baum G. |
| Journal |
Rep U S Public Health Serv |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
1966 |
| Abstract |
No abstract available. |
| Title |
Diagnostic ultrasound: biological effects and potential risks. |
| Author |
Rott HD. |
| Journal |
Ultraschall Med |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
1988 |
| Abstract |
All competent scientific groups and institutions involved in ultrasound bioeffect research have accepted the safety of diagnostic ultrasound. If, however, bioeffects have been produced by the use of higher intensities, such effects had been caused by heat production or cavitation. Nevertheless, one has to face the fact that individuals have been successfully doubting this assumption of safety. They succeeded in formulating hypotheses which cannot be disproved at all or at short notice. This holds good especially for any possible unspecified late effects. Such effects, however, can never be excluded in any technical innovation. These remarks refer to all diagnostic ultrasound applications except Doppler blood flow measurements, since for the latter techniques no sufficient knowledge is yet available on possible bioeffects. |
| Title |
Diagnostic ultrasound: effects on the DNA and growth patterns of animal cells. |
| Author |
Liebeskind D, Bases R, Elequin F, Neubort S, Leifer R, Goldberg R, Koenigsberg M. |
| Journal |
Radiology |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
1979 |
| Abstract |
The effects of diagnostic levels of ultrasound on DNA of HeLa cells included: increased immunoreactivity to antinucleoside antibodies in G1 cells, strongly suggestive of unwinding of the helix or single-strand break induction, and low levels of non-semiconservative synthesis in logarithmically growing cells treated with hydroxyurea, indicating repair synthesis. In the C3H mouse cell line 10T-1/2, Cl 8, loss of contact inhibition with a criss-crossed growth pattern was seen. In one experiment, tumors developed in syngeneic mice at the site of injection of ultrasonically treated cells. Ultrasound in the diagnostic range appears to cause detectable effects on DNA and growth patterns of animal cells. |
| Title |
Diagnostic X-ray and ultrasound exposure and risk of childhood cancer. |
| Author |
Shu XO, Jin F, Linet MS, Zheng W, Clemens J, Mills J, Gao YT. |
| Journal |
Br J Cancer Suppl |
| Volume |
|
| Year |
1994 |
| Abstract |
In a population-based case-control study of 642 childhood cancer cases and the same number of matched controls in Shanghai, China, we evaluated the relationship between diagnostic X-ray (preconception, pre- and post-natal) and.antenatal ultrasound exposure and the subsequent risk of developing three major types of childhood cancer (acute leukaemia, lymphoma and brain tumours) and all childhood neoplasms combined. Consistent with previous studies, prenatal.X-ray exposure was found to be associated with an 80% increased risk of childhood cancers, although the estimation was based on 4% and 2% exposed cases and controls and was only marginally statistically significant (P = 0.08). Post-natal.X-ray exposure was also linked with a small elevation in the risk of all cancers and the major categories of malignancies in children. Little evidence, however, was found to relate parental preconception X-ray exposure with the subsequent cancer.risk in offspring, regardless of the exposure window and the anatomical site of X-ray exposures. This study adds further to the growing literature indicating that antenatal ultrasound exposure is probably not associated with an increased risk of childhood cancer. . |
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